Substitutions

[Jedi]

Flour:

1 cup sifted cake flour = 1 cup less 2 Tbsp. sifted all-purpose flour

1 Tbsp. cornstarch = 2 Tbsp. flour for thickening sauces and gravies



Milk / Cream:

1 cup milk = 1/3 cup dry milk plus 1 cup water or 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus

1/2 cup water



1 cup buttermilk = 1 cup plain yogurt or 1 Tbsp. lemon juice or vinegar plus

enough milk to make 1 cup; Let stand 5 minutes.



Miscellaneous:

1 tsp. baking powder = 1/4 tsp. cream of tartar plus 1/4 tsp. baking soda

1 Tbsp. lemon juice = 1/2 Tbsp. vinegar

1 cup dry bread crumbs = 3/4 cup cracker crumbs or 1 cup cornflake crumbs

1 cup butter = 1 cup margarine or 7/8 cup vegetable oil

1 chopped onion = 1 Tbsp. instant minced

1 clove garlic = 1/4 tsp. garlic powder

1 cup tomato sauce = 3/4 cup tomato paste plus 1 cup water

1 Tbsp. prepared mustard = 1 tsp. dry mustard plus 1 Tbsp. water

1 oz. unsweetened chocolate = 3 Tbsp. unsweetened cocoa powder plus 1

Tbsp. butter, margarine or shortening